Glossary T - Yenra

20 definitions in this view. Search all 509 terms by name, phrase or topic.

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A PDF containing a structure tree that identifies content roles and relationships, such as headings, paragraphs, lists and tables. Assistive technology uses this structure to interpret and navigate the document. Useful tags need accurate roles and reading order; an accessibility review also checks matters such as image alternatives, language and form labels.

Guide: Accessible PDFs with Adobe Acrobat: Create, Check and Repair

Reference: Adobe: creating accessible PDFs

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Historical names & systemsTARP

Troubled Asset Relief Program, the U.S. financial-crisis program established in 2008. Historical repayment and investment reports refer to specific program transactions and dates.

Related coverage: Bank of America repays TARP

Reference: U.S. Treasury: TARP

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Computers & specificationsTbps

Terabits per second: one trillion bits per second. It describes a data rate, not an amount of storage or a guaranteed application-transfer speed.

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NetworksTCP

Transmission Control Protocol: a transport protocol providing an ordered byte stream with mechanisms for reliability, flow control and congestion control. Applications add their own message boundaries above that stream.

Read the guide: OSI Layers in Practice: Follow a Connection, Find a Fault

Reference: TCP specification (RFC 9293)

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Tools & workshopTear-out

Damage left when wood fibers lift, split or break away instead of being cleanly cut, producing ragged edges or depressions below the intended surface. Grain direction, unsupported fibers, cutting-edge condition and the amount removed can contribute. Tear-out is different from a burned surface, so diagnosing it requires more than changing tool speed.

Guide: Router Bits: Match the Profile, Shank and Cut

Reference: Lee Valley: wood-fiber tear-out and grain direction

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Computers & specificationsTebibyte

A binary unit of data equal to 2^40 bytes, or 1,099,511,627,776 bytes, written TiB. A decimal terabyte (TB) is 1,000,000,000,000 bytes. Check which unit a storage specification or display uses before comparing capacity; reserved space, formatting and redundancy can reduce the capacity available for files further.

Guide: Network Attached Storage: Capacity, Sharing, and Recovery

Reference: NIST: prefixes for binary multiples

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Health & careTEFCA

Trusted Exchange Framework and Common Agreement, a U.S. framework supporting exchange of electronic health information among participating networks. Technical requirements and permitted exchange purposes belong to the applicable framework documents.

Reference: HealthIT: TEFCA

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Computers & specificationsThermal interface material

Material placed between a heat-producing component and a cooling surface to improve heat transfer by filling gaps that would otherwise contain insulating air. Thermal paste and thermal pads are examples. The required material, thickness and application depend on the assembly; TIM complements correct mechanical contact rather than replacing it.

Guide: How Heat Sinks Work: Diagnose Cooling with Better Measurements

Reference: Boyd: thermal interface materials

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Computers & specificationsThermal throttling

A device's reduction of performance to control temperature, such as a processor lowering its operating frequency or voltage when thermal controls engage. The trigger and response depend on the device and system design. A lower clock speed alone does not establish thermal throttling: workload changes and power limits can also change performance.

Guide: How Heat Sinks Work: Diagnose Cooling with Better Measurements

Reference: Intel: processor thermal management, section 5 (PDF)

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Computers & specificationsThin client

A client computer designed to obtain much of its application processing and storage from remote servers over a network. It still handles local tasks such as displaying the session and accepting input. Supported services, peripherals and any offline capability depend on its operating system, client software and deployment; the label alone does not establish compatibility.

Guide: Network Clients: Thin Clients, Remote Desktops, and Terminal Workflows

Reference: AWS: thin clients and centralized computing

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NetworksThroughput

The rate of data successfully transferred across a defined boundary during a measured interval. Application payload throughput can be lower than the link's capacity because of overhead, congestion and endpoint limits; state what was counted.

Read the guide: Technology Terms That Help You Read Product Specifications

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Audio & videoTimecode

A system for identifying positions in recorded media, commonly displayed as hours, minutes, seconds and frames for video. Editors use it to locate material, align clips and record edit points. Interpret a value with its frame rate and counting convention, and distinguish source timecode from project timecode and a file’s creation timestamp.

Guide: DV Disk Recorders: Transfer and Check FireStore Footage

Reference: Apple: locating and editing video using timecode

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NetworksTLS

Transport Layer Security: a protocol for protecting communications against eavesdropping and tampering and authenticating peers as configured. HTTPS uses TLS; certificate checks and the negotiated protocol version are part of the connection's security.

Read the guide: OSI Layers in Practice: Follow a Connection, Find a Fault

Reference: TLS 1.3 (RFC 8446)

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Rocks & EarthTonalite

A coarse-grained igneous rock rich in quartz and plagioclase, with relatively little alkali feldspar. Formal classification uses mineral proportions; visual resemblance to granite alone is insufficient to identify a specimen.

Read the guide: Tonalite: Composition, Formation, and Comparison with Granite

Reference: British Geological Survey: tonalite

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Transport & aerospaceTongue weight

The downward load a trailer applies at its coupling to the towing vehicle. It contributes to the vehicle's load and affects axle loading and hitch requirements. Measure and assess it using the applicable vehicle, trailer and hitch guidance; the permitted amount and loading balance depend on the specific combination.

Guide: 2008 Nissan Titan: Verify Configuration, Payload and Towing Limits

Reference: Nissan: trailer tongue load and load distribution (2008 Titan manual, PDF)

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Tools & workshopTorque

The turning effect of a force about an axis. Its magnitude depends on the force and the perpendicular distance from the axis to the force's line of action. Common units include N·m, ft-lb and in-lb. For fastening, use the exact assembly's specified torque, units and conditions; torque and joint clamping force are different quantities.

Guide: Torque Wrenches: Specifications, Units and Controlled Tightening

Reference: NASA Glenn: torque and perpendicular lever arm

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Health & careTPN

Total parenteral nutrition: providing a person's nutritional requirements through an intravenous route. It is a clinical treatment managed by a care team rather than a general substitute for ordinary eating.

Reference: National Cancer Institute: TPN

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Audio & videoTranscoding

Converting encoded media by decoding it and encoding a new representation, such as making a smaller viewing copy from an editing master. The chosen codec and settings determine what is preserved or changed. Moving the same encoded streams into a different container is rewrapping; that operation can avoid a new compression generation.

Guide: Lossless Video Codecs: Masters, Editing and Viewing Copies

Reference: FFmpeg: transcoding and stream copying

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Science & measurementTransit (astronomy)

The apparent passage of one celestial object across the face of another from the observer's viewpoint. An exoplanet transiting its star blocks a small fraction of the star's light. Measuring that change over time helps study the system; measuring its wavelength dependence can probe the planet's atmosphere when supported by suitable observations and modeling.

Guide: Exoplanet Carbon Dioxide: How to Evaluate an Atmospheric Detection

Reference: NASA Webb: starlight blocked during an exoplanet transit

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Transport & aerospaceTSS (MV Agusta)

Torque Shift System, the name used for a variable-length intake system in MV Agusta F4 coverage. Its implementation and maintenance requirements belong to the specific motorcycle model.

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A starting point for understanding

Each entry gives a concise meaning and, where useful, a distinction or practical example. Topic labels identify the context; the same acronym can have several meanings. Historical names remain useful when reading older coverage.

Follow the linked Yenra guides for fuller explanations and the reference links for supporting documentation. Health, technical and regulatory terms describe concepts; individual decisions depend on the applicable evidence, equipment and circumstances.

Collection updated October 13, 2026. Full glossary · AI Glossary