Glossary B - Yenra

27 definitions in this view. Search all 509 terms by name, phrase or topic.

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The central network links and systems that carry traffic between other parts of a network. What counts as the backbone depends on the network's topology and organizational boundaries.

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Security & privacyBackdoor (computing)

An undocumented or concealed access mechanism that bypasses a system’s expected controls. Malware may install a backdoor that accepts remote commands, giving an intruder a way to return. Investigating a compromise therefore includes checking for continuing access as well as removing the initially detected malicious file.

Guide: Mydoom: Deceptive Email, Backdoors, and the Scope of Recovery

Reference: NIST: backdoor

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NetworksBackhaul

A link that carries traffic from an access site or local network toward an upstream network. In a mesh deployment, access points may use wireless backhaul between nodes before reaching a wired gateway. Identify which paths share capacity and power: good coverage near a client can coexist with a constrained upstream connection.

Guide: Outdoor Mesh Networks: Backhaul, Capacity, and Recovery Tests

Reference: Cisco Meraki: mesh backhaul paths and deployment

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Computers & specificationsBackup

A retained copy of files, settings or a system, made so they can be recovered after loss or damage. A useful backup has a recovery path that survives the failure you are planning for. Check that representative files can be restored; synchronization can also copy unwanted deletions or changes.

Guide: Toshiba XG5-P Client NVMe SSD: Compatibility and Upgrade Checks

Reference: NIST: backup

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NetworksBandwidth (network capacity)

The data-carrying capacity of a network link or service, commonly expressed in bits per second. Delivered throughput also depends on overhead, contention and the endpoints. In radio engineering, bandwidth can instead mean a range of frequencies.

Read the guide: Technology Terms That Help You Read Product Specifications

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NetworksBase station

Radio equipment and antennas that connect wireless user devices to a network. Its capabilities depend on the radio system, frequency bands and network configuration.

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Computers & specificationsBaud rate

The number of signaling symbols transmitted per second, measured in baud. In a conventional binary asynchronous serial link, one symbol carries one bit, but start, stop and optional parity bits also occupy the link. Match the devices’ serial settings and account for this framing when estimating useful payload throughput.

Guide: Replacing a Serial Cable with Bluetooth: Reliability and Recovery Tests

Reference: Keysight: serial baud rate expressed in symbols per second

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Energy & environmentBFB

Bubbling fluidized bed: a combustion arrangement in which upward-flowing air suspends a bed of particles. In biomass-boiler discussions, it describes part of the combustion process; fuel and emissions requirements still depend on the installation.

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NetworksBGAN

Broadband Global Area Network, a satellite communications service family used with compatible terminals. Service coverage, subscription and terminal capabilities determine what a particular connection can provide.

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Computers & specificationsBit

A binary digit with one of two values, conventionally 0 or 1. Lowercase b denotes bits in common data-rate symbols; eight bits make one byte.

Read the guide: Technology Terms That Help You Read Product Specifications

Reference: NIST: bits, bytes and prefixes

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Audio & videoBit rate

The number of bits represented or transferred per second. For encoded media, it describes the data rate of a stream and may be fixed or variable. Network transport can add headers and other overhead, so a codec’s stated bit rate and the total connection demand can differ.

Guide: Speech codecs: why phone-call quality changes

Reference: RFC 4867: speech-codec rates and transport

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Science & measurementBlocking (experiments)

Grouping comparable experimental units or runs according to a known nuisance factor, such as day, batch or operator, so treatment comparisons can account for that source of variation. In a randomized block design, treatments are assigned within blocks using randomization. Blocking and randomization therefore perform complementary jobs in the design.

Guide: Research Design Tools: Turn a Question into a Testable Experiment

Reference: NIST: randomized block designs

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Computers & specificationsBlock storage

A way of presenting storage as individually addressable blocks rather than named files and folders. A host can place a file system or an application's data structures on the resulting volume. A storage area network can supply block devices over a network; block storage describes the access model, not a particular disk type or a backup method.

Guide: Disk Storage Systems: Match Architecture to Workload

Reference: IBM: block storage and SAN volumes

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NetworksBluetooth

A family of wireless technologies operating in the 2.4 GHz band for communication between devices. Bluetooth Classic and Bluetooth Low Energy have different radio characteristics; matching a profile or service matters as well as the version.

Reference: Bluetooth technology overview

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Security & privacyBluetooth bonding

Keeping the security keys created during Bluetooth pairing so devices can use them in later connections. This remembered relationship can support reconnection without repeating the initial setup. An active connection and permission for a particular service are separate states; use the device’s documented forget or remove procedure when retiring a relationship.

Guide: Bluetooth Security: Pairing, Permissions, and Practical Protection

Reference: Bluetooth SIG: stored keys and subsequent connections

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NetworksBluetooth Low Energy

A Bluetooth radio technology designed for low-power communication in the 2.4 GHz band, also called Bluetooth LE or BLE. It supports uses such as sensor data, device control and supported audio systems. Actual energy use and interoperability depend on the hardware, software, traffic and implemented services; the LE label alone does not specify every available feature.

Guide: Choosing a Bluetooth Module for an Embedded Project

Reference: Bluetooth SIG: Bluetooth Classic and LE technology

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Audio & videoBluetooth multipoint

The ability of a supported Bluetooth accessory to maintain connections with more than one source device, commonly a phone and computer. A headset can use this to switch music sources or handle an incoming call. Supported combinations and switching priorities vary; maintaining two connections does not imply mixing both audio streams.

Guide: Bluetooth Audio: Compatibility, Sound Quality, and Troubleshooting

Reference: Sony: simultaneous device connections and playback switching

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Security & privacyBluetooth pairing

The Bluetooth security procedure that creates shared secret keys for communication between devices. The available association method and the devices’ capabilities affect how that relationship is established. Confirm the intended devices during setup. Bonding stores the resulting keys for later connections; permission to access contacts or other services is a separate decision.

Guide: Bluetooth Security: Pairing, Permissions, and Practical Protection

Reference: Bluetooth SIG: pairing, bonding and security architecture

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NetworksBluetooth profile

A specification of Bluetooth capabilities and behavior for a particular interoperable use. Profiles define requirements beyond the core radio connection, such as the functions needed for conventional media playback or hands-free calls. Check the profiles, roles and optional features supported at both ends when evaluating compatibility.

Guide: Bluetooth Audio: Compatibility, Sound Quality, and Troubleshooting

Reference: Bluetooth SIG: profiles and service interoperability

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Audio & videoBlu-ray

An optical-disc format using a blue-violet laser and supporting higher data capacity than DVD. Standard Blu-ray and Ultra HD Blu-ray have different playback requirements, so check the exact disc and player format.

Read the guide: How to Play DVDs Today: TVs, Computers, Consoles, and Portable Players

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Transport & aerospaceBoarding pass

A paper or accepted digital document issued through check-in for boarding a particular flight. It identifies the passenger and flight and is presented at the relevant airport checkpoints. A booking reference retrieves a reservation; the boarding pass serves the boarding process. Follow the airline's accepted format and obtain an updated pass when required after itinerary changes.

Guide: Airline Check-In: Booking References, Boarding Passes, and Digital Fallbacks

Reference: easyJet: check-in and boarding passes

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Transport & aerospaceBooking reference

An identifier used to retrieve a reservation in an airline's or travel seller's system, also called a record locator or confirmation code. The relevant carrier may use a different reference from an agency or partner. Keep it with the trip details, and distinguish it from a ticket number and the boarding pass issued for a flight.

Guide: Airline Check-In: Booking References, Boarding Passes, and Digital Fallbacks

Reference: American Airlines: finding and managing a reservation

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PhotographyBorderless printing

A print mode intended to cover the sheet to its edges without an unprinted margin. Some printers enlarge the image slightly beyond the paper boundary, cropping edge detail. Check supported paper sizes and the expansion setting, preview the crop, and keep important content away from the edges; matching aspect ratios alone may not preserve every pixel.

Guide: Print Photos from Your Phone: Files, Crops and Connections

Reference: Epson: borderless printing and image expansion

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Web & documentsBPEL

Business Process Execution Language, an XML-based language for describing business processes that interact with web services. It addresses the coordination of service activities rather than the visual layout of an application.

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Historical names & systemsBREW

Binary Runtime Environment for Wireless, Qualcomm's platform for applications on supported mobile devices. It is useful terminology when reading about the software and distribution systems of earlier mobile phones.

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NetworksBroadband

A general term for high-capacity communications access. Regulatory speed thresholds vary by jurisdiction and date; use a service's stated download and upload rates for a specific comparison.

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Computers & specificationsByte

A unit of digital information normally consisting of eight bits. Storage and file sizes are commonly expressed in bytes, while connection rates commonly use bits per second. Uppercase B denotes bytes in unit symbols.

Read the guide: Technology Terms That Help You Read Product Specifications

Reference: NIST: bits, bytes and prefixes

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A starting point for understanding

Each entry gives a concise meaning and, where useful, a distinction or practical example. Topic labels identify the context; the same acronym can have several meanings. Historical names remain useful when reading older coverage.

Follow the linked Yenra guides for fuller explanations and the reference links for supporting documentation. Health, technical and regulatory terms describe concepts; individual decisions depend on the applicable evidence, equipment and circumstances.

Collection updated October 13, 2026. Full glossary · AI Glossary