Glossary H - Yenra

19 definitions in this view. Search all 509 terms by name, phrase or topic.

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Home & materialsHard water

Water containing appreciable dissolved calcium and magnesium, usually reported as hardness equivalent to a concentration of calcium carbonate. Heating it can produce mineral scale in a kettle or other equipment, and it can reduce soap lathering. A hardness result describes these dissolved minerals; drinking-water suitability requires assessment of other constituents and contaminants too.

Guide: Stainless Steel Kettles: Construction, Compatibility, and Care

Reference: USGS: groundwater quality and hardness

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Audio & videoHDCP

High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection: a system that authenticates participating devices and encrypts protected content as it travels across supported connections, including HDMI. Playback depends on the required protection support throughout the relevant device chain. Check sources, intermediate equipment and display support when protected video fails to appear.

Guide: HDMI: Choose the Right Connection and Troubleshoot It

Reference: Digital Content Protection: HDCP specifications

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Health & careHDL

High-density lipoprotein, a class of particles that transport cholesterol in blood, including toward the liver. HDL cholesterol is one part of a lipid assessment and is interpreted alongside other measurements and clinical factors.

Reference: NHLBI: blood cholesterol

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Audio & videoHDMI

High-Definition Multimedia Interface: a digital connection standard for audio, video and related signaling. Resolution, refresh rate and other features depend on the capabilities of both devices and the connecting cable.

Read the guide: How to Play DVDs Today: TVs, Computers, Consoles, and Portable Players

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Audio & videoHDTV

High-definition television: television formats with greater picture resolution than standard-definition formats. A useful specification states the image dimensions and scan or frame format, such as 720p or 1080i.

Related coverage: HDTV : High Definition Television

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Computers & specificationsHeat pipe

A sealed device that transports heat using a working fluid's evaporation and condensation. Fluid absorbs heat near the source, vapor travels to a cooler region, and condensation releases that heat; a wick commonly returns the liquid. In a computer cooler, the pipe moves heat toward a heat sink, whose surfaces must still transfer it to the surroundings.

Guide: How Heat Sinks Work: Diagnose Cooling with Better Measurements

Reference: Boyd: heat pipes in heat sink assemblies (PDF)

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Computers & specificationsHeat sink

A thermally conductive structure that spreads heat from a component across a larger surface, commonly using a metal base and fins to transfer heat to air. The heat sink itself is passive; a fan may improve airflow through it. Cooling depends on the whole path, including contact with the component and the surrounding air.

Guide: How Heat Sinks Work: Diagnose Cooling with Better Measurements

Reference: Boyd: heat sink basics and fabrication guide (PDF)

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Audio & videoHFP

Hands-Free Profile: a Bluetooth Classic profile that supports voice connections and call-control functions between a phone and a hands-free device, such as a headset or car system. Available functions and audio capabilities depend on both devices. Check call-audio support and the selected destination separately from whether music playback works.

Guide: Bluetooth Audio: Compatibility, Sound Quality, and Troubleshooting

Reference: Bluetooth SIG: Hands-Free Profile

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Computers & specificationsHID (computer interface)

Human interface device: a category of input and control devices, such as keyboards and pointing devices. USB HID specifications define how supported devices describe and exchange their controls and reports.

Reference: USB-IF: human interface devices

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Audio & videoHID (lighting)

High-intensity discharge: a lamp technology that produces light through an electrical discharge rather than a heated filament. The lamp, ballast and fixture requirements belong to the particular lighting system.

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Historical names & systemsHIN

Hot Import Nights, the name of an automotive-lifestyle event series in period coverage. Event dates and arrangements belong to the particular announcement.

Related coverage: Hot Import Nights

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PhotographyHistogram (imaging)

A graph showing how image values are distributed, often from dark tones at the left to light tones at the right, with separate color-channel views sometimes available. Use it alongside the image to assess tonal placement and possible clipping. Its meaning depends on the preview or file being analyzed; there is no universally correct shape.

Guide: Better Phone Photography: Override Auto Exposure on iPhone and Android

Reference: Nikon: reading a camera histogram

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Computers & specificationsHMI

Human-machine interface: the controls and displays through which a person interacts with a system. In a vehicle, that includes how information is presented and how a driver operates functions.

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Historical names & systemsHSS

HyperSonic Sound, a branded directional-audio technology discussed in the linked coverage. Read performance claims with the particular equipment, environment and source date.

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Web & documentsHTML

HyperText Markup Language: the markup used to describe the structure and meaning of web documents. Elements identify content such as headings, paragraphs, links and form controls; CSS and scripts add presentation and behavior.

Read the guide: What HTML Does: A Small Web Page Explained

Reference: HTML standard

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Web & documentsHTTP

Hypertext Transfer Protocol: the request-and-response protocol used for much of the web. A response carries a status code and may include headers and content; the HTTP version determines how messages are transported.

Read the guide: HTTP and HTTPS: Requests, Responses, and Status Codes

Reference: HTTP semantics (RFC 9110)

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Web & documentsHTTPS

HTTP carried over a connection protected by TLS. It protects data in transit and authenticates the server for the requested hostname; judging the accuracy or trustworthiness of the page remains a separate task.

Read the guide: HTTP and HTTPS: Requests, Responses, and Status Codes

Reference: HTTP semantics (RFC 9110)

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Web & documentsHWS

Hosted web services: software functions supplied over a network by a service provider. An application's behavior can depend on the provider's interfaces, access rules and continued operation.

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Food & cookingHydration (baking)

The amount of water in dough expressed as a percentage of the flour's weight. For example, 350 g water with 500 g flour gives 70% hydration. Include flour and water contributed by a starter. Recipes may account for other liquids differently, and flour type affects how dough feels at the same stated hydration.

Guide: Pan Pizza: Dough, Pan Size and a Crisp Bottom

Reference: King Arthur Baking: dough hydration and calculation conventions

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A starting point for understanding

Each entry gives a concise meaning and, where useful, a distinction or practical example. Topic labels identify the context; the same acronym can have several meanings. Historical names remain useful when reading older coverage.

Follow the linked Yenra guides for fuller explanations and the reference links for supporting documentation. Health, technical and regulatory terms describe concepts; individual decisions depend on the applicable evidence, equipment and circumstances.

Collection updated October 13, 2026. Full glossary · AI Glossary